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DPI (laser printer dots per inch) and PPI (pixels per inch) do have
somewhat of a relationship. LPI (offset lines per inch) is only
distantly involved.
The dithered images in the proof are most likely the result of PDF
downsampling and will not be reflected in the offset printed version.
However, this should be verified with the vendor by demanding a
MatchPrint or equivalent prepress proof.
If there really is a problem (that is, if the images are still fuzzy in
the MatchPrint), it is the graphic shop's responsibility to fix it, as
others have stated. If they don't know how, let them find out on their time.
General rules of thumb for offset (not laser) printing:
1. Capture screens at 100% (Alt-PrintScreen works fine), paste into a
graphics app, and save as a TIFF, as is.
2. Always use linked (not embedded) TIFF files for screen shots in DTP
applications.
3. Scale consistently in the application.
3. Provide the TIFF files to the printer.
4. Let the printer's RIP do the conversion from TIFF to halftone.
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