RE: Translation: simplified English or controlled language tools such as MAXit

Subject: RE: Translation: simplified English or controlled language tools such as MAXit
From: "Jeff Allen" <jeffrey -dot- allen -at- mycom-int -dot- fr>
To: "TECHWR-L" <techwr-l -at- lists -dot- raycomm -dot- com>
Date: Thu, 30 Aug 2001 14:57:13 +0200

Steve Hudson writes:
>Translation memory systems can use fuzzy logic. Simplifying the extent of
>vocabulary greatly increases the fuzzy matches, greatly reducing
>hand-translation and thus the primary cost.

Bill Burns <bburns -at- scriptorium -dot- com> writes:
Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2001 08:34:22 -0600
>Simplified and controlled English are not simply vocabularies (unless by
>vocabulary you mean a collection of phrases rather than individual terms).
>They also include specific grammatical constructions and constraints. As I
>understand, the intent is not necessarily to enhance readability but to
>enhance machine translation processes. For those processes, you need
>rigorous control of sentence construction and terminology.

From: Salan Sinclair [mailto:ssinclair -at- wencomine -dot- com]
>Does anyone have experience using simplified English or controlled language
>tools, such as MAXit from SMART, ASSET, or others?

>In theory, these tools improve readability (especially by ESL readers),
>reduce translation costs, and improve consistency.

AECMA Simplified English was designed for improving reader comprehensibility
in a single language. It is heavily driven along the lines of vocabulary
and terminology constraints.

Caterpillar Technical English (CTE), General Motors (GM) Controlled
Automotive
Service Language (CASL), and Nortel Standard English (NSE) are examples
of controlled languages that have aimed at structuring the source language
in a way that can improve automatic translation processing.

These different kinds of controlled language are mentioned in:

ALLEN, Jeffrey. 2000. Controlled Language -- Changing Faces. Column
article in International Journal for Language and Documentation (IJLD),
Issue 3, January 2000, pp. 20-21. Netherlands: Crux Editions.

ALLEN, Jeffrey. 1999. Different kinds of Controlled Languages. In
TC-Forum magazine, volume 1-99, pp. 4-5.
http://www.tc-forum.org/topiccl/cl15diff.htm

ALLEN, Jeffrey. 2000. Taking on the Critics: Giving the Machine Equal Time:
An MT expert takes on one of machine translation's most vocal critics.
In Language International magazine, Vol 12, No 3, June 2000, pp 24-25,
44-45.
(Language International available via www.language-international.com)
[note: this article discusses both Controlled Language and MT]


CTE has about 130 grammar rules which were grouped into 19 meta-rules.
I have seen a set of 15 rules for NSE.
GM CASL has 62 grammar rules for their authoring/translation environment.
For general international communication purposes (not for machine
translation), GM developed and has taught through GM University a set of
12 rules known as GM Global English.
GM CASL and Global English have been described at CLAW96, 98 and 2000
(see further below) and at the 2nd Multilingual Documentation for
the Automotive Industry TopTec Symposium
(see http://www.praetorius1.demon.co.uk/services/toptec2.htm)

See the Controlled Language Applications Workshop (CLAW) websites for
more information on various controlled language projects in industry:

CLAW2000
http://www.up.univ-mrs.fr/~veronis/claw2000

CLAW98
http://www.lti.cs.cmu.edu/CLAW98/

CLAW96
http://www.ccl.kuleuven.ac.be/CLAW/programme.html


The list of commercially available Controlled Language tools is quite
limited. There are only a few.

Best,

Jeff Allen
former trainer of Caterpillar Technical English and CLAW2000 organizer



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